Tapirus terrestris

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Lowland Tapir

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Perissodactyla
Suborder : Ceratomorpha
Family : Tapiridae
Genus : Tapirus
Subgenus : Tapirus

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Linnaeus, C. 1758-01-01. Systema Naturæ per Regna Tria Naturæ, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis. Tomus I. Editio Decima, Reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 823 pp.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033885

Original name as described

Hippopotamus terrestris

Other common names

Brazilian Tapir · South American Tapir

Type material

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Type locality

"Habitat in Brasillia" i.e. Pernambuco, Brazil.

Biogeographic realm

Neotropic

Country distribution

Colombia · Venezuela · Guyana · Suriname · French Guiana · Ecuador · Peru · Brazil · Bolivia · Paraguay · Argentina

Taxonomy notes

includes kabomani Cozzuol, Clozato, Holanda, Rodrigues, Nienow, Thoisy, Redondo, & F. R. Santos, 2013 and pygmaeus M. G. M. van Roosmalen & van Hooft in M. G. M. van Roosmalen, 2013; if kabomani is considered a distinct species, the name pygmaeus may have priority

Taxonomy notes citation

Cozzuol, M. A., Clozato, C. L., Holanda, E. C., Rodrigues, F. H., Nienow, S., De Thoisy, B., ... & Santos, F. R. (2013). A new species of tapir from the Amazon. Journal of Mammalogy, 94(6), 1331-1345. · Ruiz-García, M., Vásquez, C., Sandoval, S., Kaston, F., Luengas-Villamil, K., & Shostell, J. M. (2016). Phylogeography and spatial structure of the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris, Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) in South America. Mitochondrial DNA Part A, 27(4), 2334-2342. · van Roosmalen, M. G. (2014). Case 3650 Tapirus pygmaeus van Roosmalen & Van Hooft in van Roosmalen, 2013 (Mammalia, Perissodactyla, tapiridae): proposed confirmation of availability of the specific name and of the book in which this nominal species was proposed. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 71(2), 84-87.

IUCN Red List status

Vulnerable

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006119

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Tapirus terrestris guianiae

J. A. Allen, 1916

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

guianiae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

AMNH M-36198

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/amnh/mammals?id=urn-catalog-amnh-mammals-m-36198

Authority page

566

Authority publication

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Tapirus laurillardi

J. E. Gray, 1868

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

laurillardi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1852.12.9.3

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/fec7632a-cb74-411f-9b94-834a1cd0610f

Authority page

881

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29534323

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus (terrestris) peruvianus

J. E. Gray, 1872

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

peruvianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1869.3.31.9, BMNH:Mamm:1872.4.11.4

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/6e419886-9fd8-47e5-b726-348fcfccfb83

Authority page

624

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28612054

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus ænigmaticus

J. E. Gray, 1872

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

aenigmaticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1872.1.24.10 (= BMNH:Mamm:1577f), BMNH:Mamm:1872.1.24.9

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/50f0bcf5-ca63-42b7-ba65-b8e6a1870590 https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/7a62feca-4c34-453a-8389-010e342dead5

Authority page

490

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28611876

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Tapirus ecuadorensis

J. E. Gray, 1872

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

ecuadorensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1872.1.24.13

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/a6f77aac-7ee2-4ab5-9a2e-4676dd117341

Authority page

492

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28611878

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus rufus

G. Fischer, 1814

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

rufus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

292

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130377

Authority publication

Moscow

Name usages

  1. Fischer (1814:292, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130377) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Hippopotamus terrestris

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

terrestris

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

74

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25033885

Authority publication

Stockholm

Hydrochaerus Tapir

(Erxleben, 1777)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

tapir

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

191

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15872988

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:191, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15872988) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapir suillus

(Blumenbach, 1779)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

suillus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

129

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44318966

Authority publication

Göttingen

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapir (Anta)

(E. A. W. von Zimmermann, 1780)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

anta

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

154

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapir americanus

(J. F. Gmelin, 1788)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

americanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

216

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751436

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

  1. Cuvier (1842:4, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518527) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapir maypuri

(Roulin, 1829)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

maypuri

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

45

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6011917

Authority publication

Annales des sciences naturelles

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapyra sabatyra

Liais, 1872

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

sabatyra

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

397

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1169127

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus spegazzinii

F. Ameghino, 1909

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

spegazzinii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MACN-Ma 5-41

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

31

Authority publication

Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Buenos Aires

Tapirus americanus var. mexianae

Hagmann, 1908

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

mexianae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MZS (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

22

Authority publication

Archiv für Rassen- und Gesellschafts-Biologie

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus kabomani

Cozzuol, Clozato, Holanda, F. H. G. Rodrigues, Nienow, de Thoisy, Redondo, & F. R. Santos, 2013

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

kabomani

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

UFMG 3177

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

1333

Authority publication

Journal of Mammalogy

Tapirus terrestris colombianus

Hershkovitz, 1954

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

colombianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:281389

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/32a9773ab-8770-4391-87e5-608bd08e113a

Authority page

486

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15698117

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Tapirus anulipes

Hermann, 1924

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

anulipes

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

167

Authority publication

Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus Americanus

Daudin, 1802

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

americanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

176

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033426

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Daudin (1802:176, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033426) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
  2. Fischer (1814:xiii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130074) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  3. Illiger (1815:108, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080964) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
  4. Wied-Neuwied (1826:549, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/32972597) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38741)
  5. Lesson (1827:325, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207792) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  6. Jardine (1836:241, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18064543) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39772)
  7. Lesson (1842:160) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)

Tapirus terrestris

Lahille, 1899

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

terrestris

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

196

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35147062

Authority publication

Primera Reunión del Congreso Científico Latino Americano

Name usages

  1. Lahille (1899:196, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35147062) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37834)
  2. Goodwin (1946:451) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/15800)
  3. Corbet & Hill (1980:115) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  4. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:310) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  5. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)
  6. O'Brien, Menninger & Nash (2006:673) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/7321)
  7. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  8. Groves & Grubb (2011:18) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)
  9. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #21474) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  10. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #21474) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  11. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006119) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  12. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/21474/45174127) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Tapirus terrestris aenigmaticus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

aenigmaticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Tapirus terrestris spegazzinii

Grubb, 2005

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

spegazzinii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  3. Groves & Grubb (2011:19) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

Tapirus terrestris terrestris

Grubb, 2005

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

terrestris

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:198) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Tapirus Pinchaque ou Roulinii, variété Brasiliensis

Liais, 1872

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

brasiliensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

398

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1168815

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus enigmaticus

J. E. Gray, 1873

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

enigmaticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

34

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13237177

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Tapirus tapirus

C. H. Merriam, 1895

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

tapirus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

376

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31499246

Authority publication

Science

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Listriodon dupuyi

(C. Ameghino, 1916)

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

dupuyi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority publication

La Nación

Tapirus terrestris mexianæ

Lydekker, 1916

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

mexianae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

43

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9339246

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Tapirus australis

Rusconi, 1928

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

australis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority publication

Buenos Aires

Tapirus terrestris var. obscura

J. G. Dennler, 1939

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

obscura

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

210

Authority publication

Physis

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus terrestris guianae

Hershkovitz, 1954

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

guianae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

480

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15698111

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9700)

Tapirus terrestris mexiana

Hershkovitz, 1954

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

mexiana

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

480

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15698111

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Tapirus terrestris guianiae

M. A. Lawrence, 1993

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

guianiae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

subsequent_usage

Authority page

162

Authority publication

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Tapirus pygmaeus

M. G. M. Van Roosmalen & Van Hooft, 2013

Family

Tapiridae

Root name

pygmaeus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

unpublished

Authority page

400

Authority publication

Charleston

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