Odocoileus hemionus

(Rafinesque, 1817)

Mule Deer

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Artiodactyla
Suborder : Ruminantia
Infraorder : Pecora
Family : Cervidae
Subfamily : Capreolinae
Tribe : Odocoileini
Genus : Odocoileus

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Rafinesque, C.S. 1817. Extracts from the journal of Mr. Charles Le Raye, relating to some new quadrupeds of the Missouri Region. American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review 1:435-437.

Authority publication link

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044106435274&seq=438

Original name as described

Cervus hemionus

Other common names

Black-tailed Deer

Type material

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Type locality

Big Sioux River, South Dakota (USA).

Biogeographic realm

Nearctic

Country distribution

Canada · United States · Mexico

Subregion distribution

USA(AK,WA,OR,ID,MT,ND,SD,NE,KS,OK,TX,NM,CO,WY,UT,AZ,NV,CA)

IUCN Red List status

Least Concern

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006300

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Eucervus pusilla

(J. E. Gray, 1873)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

pusillus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1868.2.13.2

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/33831867-43d1-4596-ae28-4010fa1f4071

Authority page

157

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13237323

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Mazama (Dorcelaphus) hemionus peninsulae

(Lydekker, 1898)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

peninsulae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1898.3.1.172

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/2c550715-71ae-44b8-b905-f77dafb95870 https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/51b07de2-de67-477d-b644-2c16122782b5

Authority page

900

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Ward (1910:107, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015750) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Cervus hemionus

(Rafinesque, 1817)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hemionus

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

436

Authority page URI

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044106435274&seq=438

Authority publication

American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review

Mazama hemionus typica

(Lydekker, 1898)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

typicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Type

lost (number not known)

Type kind

nonexistent

Authority page

275

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43573632

Authority publication

London

Odocoileus hemionus inyoensis

Cowan, 1933

Family

Cervidae

Root name

inyoensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MVZ:Mamm:16363

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://arctos.database.museum/guid/MVZ:Mamm:16363

Authority page

69

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34560799

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Odocoileus hemionus fuliginatus

Cowan, 1933

Family

Cervidae

Root name

fuliginatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MVZ:Mamm:39918

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://arctos.database.museum/guid/MVZ:Mamm:39918

Authority page

326

Authority publication

Journal of Mammalogy

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Cervus Lewisii

(T. R. Peale, 1849)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

lewisii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

syntypes

Authority page

39

Authority publication

Philadelphia

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus macrotis var. californicus

(Caton, 1876)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

californicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:12587 (= USNM:MAMM:A15424)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

464

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40811381

Authority publication

The American Naturalist

Dorcelaphus crooki

(Mearns, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

crooki

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:20572 (= USNM:MAMM:A35752)

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33bec7242-90d0-4844-962d-ff16bd456ad9

Authority page

468

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15838275

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Odocoileus hemionus sheldoni

E. A. Goldman, 1939

Family

Cervidae

Root name

sheldoni

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:242322

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3a7541029-aabf-4f07-b94c-78bb4b74b942

Authority page

497

Authority publication

Journal of Mammalogy

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Dorcelaphus hemionus eremicus

(Mearns, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

eremicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:63403

Type kind

lectotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/31fd04397-53ba-43c2-b580-9605768506eb

Authority page

470

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15838277

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Odocoileus columbianus scaphiotus

C. H. Merriam, 1898

Family

Cervidae

Root name

scaphiotus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:65162

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3740d8b27-cac2-4005-b554-80b414544d99

Authority page

101

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2263611

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Odocoileus columbianus sitkensis

C. H. Merriam, 1898

Family

Cervidae

Root name

sitkensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:74383

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/350508e4b-34e9-4dad-8f7b-59168c2790dc

Authority page

100

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2263610

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Odocoileus cerrosensis

C. H. Merriam, 1898

Family

Cervidae

Root name

cerrosensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:80782

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3d6cb07b4-a9cc-45e1-8e6e-9a766623e23d

Authority page

101

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2263611

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Odocoileus hemionus canus

C. H. Merriam, 1901

Family

Cervidae

Root name

canus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:99361

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/360141d9b-10f0-4d4c-a1a0-167d44e957cc

Authority page

560

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8873492

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cariacus macrotis

(J. E. Gray, 1850)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macrotis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

67

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:67, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:239, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278783) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:234, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956647) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)
  4. True (1885:592, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306386) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35039)

Eucervus columbianus

(J. E. Gray, 1872)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

86

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707853

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Name usages

Gray (1872:86, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707853) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)

Eucervus macrotis

(J. E. Gray, 1872)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macrotis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

86

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707853

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Name usages

Gray (1872:86, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707853) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)

Cariacus columbianus

(F. W. True, 1885)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

592

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306386

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

True (1885:592, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306386) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35039)

Mazama montana

(F. W. True, 1885)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

montana

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

592

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306386

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

True (1885:592, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306386) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35039)

Mazama [Dorcelaphus] columbiana

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbiana

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

109

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:109, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Mazama [Dorcelaphus] hemionus

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hemionus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

106

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015749

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:106, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015749) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Mazama columbiana scaphiotus

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

scaphiotus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

109

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:109, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Mazama columbiana sitkensis

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

sitkensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

109

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:109, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015752) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Odocoileus columbianus

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

86

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805983

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

Bailey (1936:86, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805983) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)

Odocoileus columbianus columbianus

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

86

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805983

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

Bailey (1936:86, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805983) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)

Odocoileus hemionus

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hemionus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

83

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805978

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

  1. Bailey (1936:83, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805978) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)
  2. Orr (1949:119) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67164)
  3. Corbet & Hill (1980:120) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  4. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:324) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  5. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  6. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  7. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #42393) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  8. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #42393) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  9. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006300) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  10. Schmidly, Bradley, Yancey & Bradley (2024:29) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67259)
  11. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/42393/22162113) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Odocoileus hemionus macrotis

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macrotis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

83

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805978

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

Bailey (1936:83, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25805978) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)

Odocoileus hemionus californicus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

californicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Odocoileus hemionus cerrosensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

cerrosensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Odocoileus hemionus columbianus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Odocoileus hemionus eremicus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

eremicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Odocoileus hemionus hemionus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hemionus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Odocoileus hemionus peninsulae

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

peninsulae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

richardsoni

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

richardsoni

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

658

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

Grubb (2005:658) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Odocoileus hemionus sitkensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

sitkensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:436) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Cervus melanurus

(Rafinesque, 1817)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

melanurus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

436

Authority page URI

https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044106435274&seq=438

Authority publication

American Monthly Magazine and Critical Review

Cervus auritus

(Warden, 1820)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

auritus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

640

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus macrotis

(Say in James, 1823)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macrotis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

88 (footnote)

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40217034

Authority publication

Philadelphia

Name usages

  1. Godman (1826:304, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49166024) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67021)
  2. Lesson (1827:361, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207828) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  3. Lesson (1842:173) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  4. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus macrotis, var. β. Columbiana

(J. Richardson, 1829)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

columbianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

257

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/27984789

Authority publication

London

Cariacus Lewisii

(J. E. Gray, 1850)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

lewisii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

67

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:67, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:239, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278783) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:233, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956646) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)

Cariacus punctulatus

(J. E. Gray, 1850)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

punctulatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

67

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:67, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595007) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:239, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278783) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:232, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956645) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)
  4. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus Richardsonii

(Audubon & Bachman, 1854)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

richardsonii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

27

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53706483

Authority publication

New York

Cervus macrotis var. Montanus

(Caton, 1881)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

montanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

94

Authority publication

book

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cariacus virgultus

(Hallock, 1899)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

virgultus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

404

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47393520

Authority publication

Forest and Stream

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

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