Rusa timorensis

(de Blainville, 1822)

Javan Deer

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Artiodactyla
Suborder : Ruminantia
Infraorder : Pecora
Family : Cervidae
Subfamily : Cervinae
Tribe : Cervini
Genus : Rusa

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Blainville, H.-M.D. de. 1822. Mémoire sur les caractères distinctifs des espèces de Cerfs. Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire naturelle et des Arts 94:254-283.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6175863

Original name as described

Cervus Timorensis

Other common names

Maned Sambar · Rusa Deer · Sunda Sambar · Timor Deer

Type material

RMNH.MAM.51426, RMNH.MAM.51427.A, RMNH.MAM.51427.B, RMNH.MAM.51429

Type kind

syntypes

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51426 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51427.A https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51427.B https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51429

Type locality

Timor Island.

Biogeographic realm

Indomalaya · Australasia

Country distribution

Indonesia · East Timor

Taxonomy notes

moved to Cervus, then back to Rusa, although it is often placed in Cervus still (included under Cervus by Groves & Grubb 2011); for additional information regarding the MDD's decision to not follow the Groves & Grubb 2011 Ungulate Taxonomy, see 'Subjective decisions' on the 'About' tab

Taxonomy notes citation

Groves, C. P. & Grubb, P. 2011. Ungulate taxonomy. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. · Heckeberg, N. S. (2020). The systematics of the Cervidae: a total evidence approach. PeerJ, 8, e8114.

IUCN Red List status

Vulnerable

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006324

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Hippelaphus macassaricus

(Heude, 1896)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macassarica

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

50

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Hippelaphus menadensis

(Heude, 1896)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

menadensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

50

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Hippelaphus buruensis

(Heude, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

buruensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

93

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Hippelaphus floresiensis

(Heude, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

floresiensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

92

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Hippelaphus moluccensis

(Heude, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

94

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Hippelaphus sumbavanus

(Heude, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

sumbavana

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BIZ (no number given)

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

92

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus tunjuc

(Horsfield, 1830)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

tunjuc

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1851.9.8.10, BMNH:Mamm:1851.9.8.11

Type kind

syntypes

Authority page

645

Authority publication

book

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus (Rusa) tavistocki

(Lydekker, 1900)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

tavistocki

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1900.6.8.2

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/e9dca45c-2953-4662-bcf5-a58cc57a3d19

Authority page

205

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15629662

Authority publication

Annals and Magazine of Natural History

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Rusa timorensis laronesiotes

Van Bemmel, 1949

Family

Cervidae

Root name

laronesiotes

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MZB 3658

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

235

Authority publication

Treubia

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Rusa timorensis djonga

Van Bemmel, 1949

Family

Cervidae

Root name

djonga

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

RMNH.MAM.10604.a (= MZB 3766), RMNH.MAM.10604.b

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.10604.a https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.10604.b

Authority page

255

Authority publication

Treubia

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Cervus russa

(S. Müller in Temminck, 1840)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

russa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

RMNH.MAM.17942, RMNH.MAM.43496, RMNH.MAM.51436, RMNH.MAM.51438, RMNH.MAM.51461, RMNH.MAM.54980, RMNH.MAM.54981, RMNH.MAM.54982, RMNH.MAM.54983, RMNH.MAM.54985, RMNH.MAM.54986, RMNH.MAM.54987, RMNH.MAM.54988

Type kind

lectotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.17942 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.43496 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51436 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51438 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51461 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54980 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54981 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54982 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54983 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54985 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54986 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54987 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.54988

Authority page

45, 57

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50103228 https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50103240

Authority publication

Leiden

Cervus hippelaphus renschi

(Sody, 1932)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

renschi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

RMNH.MAM.33825

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.33825

Authority page

335

Authority publication

Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indië

Cervus Timorensis

(de Blainville, 1822)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

timorensis

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

RMNH.MAM.51426, RMNH.MAM.51427.A, RMNH.MAM.51427.B, RMNH.MAM.51429

Type kind

syntypes

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51426 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51427.A https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51427.B https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51429

Authority page

267

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6175863

Authority publication

Journal de Physique, de Chimie, d'Histoire naturelle et des Arts

Name usages

  1. Corbet & Hill (1980:120) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  2. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:321) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  3. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #41789) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  4. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #41789) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)

Cervus moluccensis

(Quoy & Gaimard, 1830)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

RMNH.MAM.51428, RMNH.MAM.51433

Type kind

syntypes

Type specimen URI

https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51428 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/RMNH.MAM.51433

Authority page

133; Plate 24

Authority publication

Paris

Cervus lepidus

(Sundevall, 1846)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

lepida

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

SMF:MAMM:4272

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

180

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47392276

Authority publication

Kunglika Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus peronii

(G. Cuvier, 1825)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

peronii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

untraced (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

46

Authority publication

Ossemens fossiles

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1827:365, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207832) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  2. Lesson (1842:172) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  3. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus moluccanus

(Lesson, 1842)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

172

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

Lesson (1842:172) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)

Rusa Hippelaphus

J. E. Gray, 1850

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hippelaphus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

62

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595002

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:62, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595002) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:231, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278775) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:209, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956622) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)
  4. Kelaart (1852:83, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52257359) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38608)
  5. Gray (1872:77, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707844) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)

Rusa lepida

J. E. Gray, 1850

Family

Cervidae

Root name

lepida

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

63

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:63, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:232, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278776) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:212, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956625) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)

Rusa Peronii

J. E. Gray, 1850

Family

Cervidae

Root name

peronii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

63

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:63, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:232, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278776) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Gray (1852:211, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956624) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)
  4. Gray (1872:78, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707845) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)

Rusa moluccensis

J. E. Gray, 1872

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

77

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707844

Authority publication

British Museum Catalogue

Name usages

Gray (1872:77, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707844) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)

Cervus hippelaphus moluccensis

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

67

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015710

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:67, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015710) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Rusa timorensis floresiensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

floresiensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa timorensis macassaricus

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macassaricus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Rusa timorensis moluccensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

moluccensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa timorensis renschi

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

renschi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa timorensis russa

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

russa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa timorensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

timorensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  3. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006324) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  4. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41789/22156866) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Rusa timorensis timorensis

Grubb, 2005

Family

Cervidae

Root name

timorensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa timorensis macassarica

D. E. Wilson & Mittermeier, 2011

Family

Cervidae

Root name

macassarica

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

417

Authority publication

Barcelona

Name usages

Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:417) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Rusa tunjuc

E. Blyth, 1863

Family

Cervidae

Root name

tunjuc

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

151

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534832

Authority publication

Calcutta

Name usages

Blyth (1863:151, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534832) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)

Cervus hippelaphus

(G. Cuvier, 1825)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hippelaphus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

40

Authority publication

Ossemens fossiles

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1827:363, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207830) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  2. Cuvier (1842:5, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518528) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  3. Lesson (1842:171) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  4. Layard (1851:405, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13788005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67277)
  5. Kelaart (1890:320) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60533)
  6. Ward (1910:66, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015709) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  7. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus russa

(Temminck, 1828)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

russa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

66

Authority publication

Bijdragen aan de Natuurkundige Wetenschappen

Cervus russa

(Temminck, 1836)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

russa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

8

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51389730

Authority publication

Leiden

Cervus russa timoriensis

(S. Müller & Schlegel in Temminck, 1842)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

timoriensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

pl. 45

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51851300

Authority publication

Leiden

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus hippolaphus

(H. R. Schinz, 1845)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hippolaphus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

unjustified_emendation

Authority page

387

Authority publication

Solothurn

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus russa javanicus

(S. Müller & Schlegel in Temminck, 1845)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

javanica

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

217

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51851264

Authority publication

Leiden

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Rusa paradoxa

Brehm, 1865

Family

Cervidae

Root name

paradoxa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

18

Authority publication

Zoologische Garten (Jena)

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus (Rusa) sp. celebensis ?

(G. Rörig, 1896)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

celebensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

49

Authority publication

Berlin

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Hippelaphus hoëvellianus

(Heude, 1897)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

hoevelliana

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

94

Authority publication

Mémoires concernant l'histoire naturelle de l'empire chinois

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus hippelaphus typicus

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

typica

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum · preoccupied

Authority page

67

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015710

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:67, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015710) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

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