Giraffa giraffa

(von Schreber, 1784)

Southern Giraffe

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Artiodactyla
Suborder : Ruminantia
Infraorder : Pecora
Family : Giraffidae
Genus : Giraffa

Species status

Living
Found in the wild

Authority citation

Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1784. pl. 255. P. pl. 255 in Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774-1855. Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Walther, Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31059740

Original name as described

Camelopardalis giraffa

Other common names

South African Giraffe · Angolan Giraffe · Smoky Giraffe · Cape Giraffe

Type locality

S of Warmbad, Orange River, South Africa.

Biogeographic realm

Afrotropic

Country distribution

Namibia · Zambia · Botswana · Zimbabwe · Mozambique · South Africa

Taxonomy notes

split from G. camelopardalis; includes angolensis, which was considered distinct by Groves & Grubb 2011; for additional information regarding the MDD's decision to not follow the Groves & Grubb 2011 Ungulate Taxonomy, see 'Subjective decisions' on the 'About' tab

Taxonomy notes citation

Groves, C. P. & Grubb, P. 2011. Ungulate taxonomy. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. · Winter, S., Fennessy, J., & Janke, A. (2018). Limited introgression supports division of giraffe into four species. Ecology and evolution, 8(20), 10156-10165. · Petzold, A., & Hassanin, A. (2020). A comparative approach for species delimitation based on multiple methods of multi-locus DNA sequence analysis: A case study of the genus Giraffa (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla). PloS one, 15(2), e0217956. · Coimbra, R. T., Winter, S., Kumar, V., Koepfli, K. P., Gooley, R. M., Dobrynin, P., ... & Janke, A. (2021). Whole-genome analysis of giraffe supports four distinct species. Current Biology.

IUCN Red List status

Not Evaluated

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006341

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Giraffa camelopardalis wardi

Lydekker, 1904

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

wardi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1903.11.18.1

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/5d56f266-f845-4422-b45e-7be8b4b13019 https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/82b55de3-8fdf-4808-baaf-9da272c80152 https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/c6d2604a-37bd-4e9c-899e-50509ab64d64

Authority page

221

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31887296

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

  1. Lydekker (1908:366, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741586) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39820)
  2. Ward (1910:116, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015759) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  3. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  4. Groves & Grubb (2011:70) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

Giraffa camelopardalis angolensis

Lydekker, 1903

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

angolensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

Tring (number not known)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

121

Authority publication

London

Name usages

  1. Lydekker (1908:365, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741585) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39820)
  2. Ward (1910:116, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015759) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  3. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  4. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:801) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)

Giraffa camelopardalis capensis

Lydekker, 1908

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

366

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741586

Authority publication

London

Name usages

  1. Lydekker (1908:366, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/18741586) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39820)
  2. Ward (1910:116, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015759) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  3. Roberts (1913:104, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50439562) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/17656)

Giraffa capensis angolensis

E. Schwarz, 1920

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

angolensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

901

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872

Authority publication

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition, 1910-1911, unter Führung Adolf Friedrichs

Name usages

Schwarz (1920:901, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39012)

Giraffa capensis

E. Schwarz, 1920

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

901

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872

Authority publication

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition, 1910-1911, unter Führung Adolf Friedrichs

Name usages

Schwarz (1920:901, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39012)

Giraffa capensis capensis

E. Schwarz, 1920

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

901

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872

Authority publication

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition, 1910-1911, unter Führung Adolf Friedrichs

Name usages

Schwarz (1920:901, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39012)

Giraffa capensis infumata

E. Schwarz, 1920

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

infumata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

901

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872

Authority publication

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition, 1910-1911, unter Führung Adolf Friedrichs

Name usages

Schwarz (1920:901, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39012)

Giraffa capensis wardi

E. Schwarz, 1920

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

wardi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

901

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872

Authority publication

Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der zweiten Deutschen Zentral-Afrika-Expedition, 1910-1911, unter Führung Adolf Friedrichs

Name usages

Schwarz (1920:901, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44763872) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39012)

Giraffa camelopardalis giraffa

Grubb, 2005

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

giraffa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Giraffa angolensis

Groves & Grubb, 2011

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

angolensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

70

Authority publication

book

Name usages

Groves & Grubb (2011:70) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

Giraffa giraffa

Groves & Grubb, 2011

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

giraffa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

69

Authority publication

book

Name usages

  1. Groves & Grubb (2011:69) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)
  2. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #100000514) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  3. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #100000514) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  4. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006341) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)

Camelopardalis giraffa

(von Schreber, 1784)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

giraffa

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

pl. 255

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31059740

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

  1. Daudin (1802:181, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033431) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
  2. Thunberg (1811:310, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11767804) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64194)
  3. Cuvier (1842:5, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518528) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  4. Lesson (1842:168) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  5. Blyth (1863:144, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534825) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)

Camelopardalis giraffa

(P. Boddaert, 1785)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

giraffa

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

133

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230097

Authority publication

Rotterdam

Name usages

Groves & Grubb (2011:69) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

Camelopardalis australis

(Swainson, 1835)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

australis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

95

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/62340722

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Camelopardalis Capensis

(W. Ogilby, 1837)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

134

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30570861

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Camelopardalis Capensis

(Lesson, 1842)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

capensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

168

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1842:168) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  3. Groves & Grubb (2011:70) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

Camelopardalis giraffa var. maculata

(Weinland, 1863)

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

maculata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

205

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/55557847

Authority publication

Zoologische Garten (Jena)

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Giraffa camelopardalis australis

Rhoads, 1896

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

australis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

partially_suppressed

Authority page

518

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1675927

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Giraffa infumata

Noack, 1908

Family

Giraffidae

Root name

infumata

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

356

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9898642

Authority publication

Zoologischer Anzeiger

Name usages

  1. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  2. Groves & Grubb (2011:70) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)

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