Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

(von Schreber, 1774)

Greater Horseshoe Bat

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Chiroptera
Suborder : Pteropodiformes
Superfamily : Rhinolophoidea
Family : Rhinolophidae
Genus : Rhinolophus

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774. pl. 62. P. pl. 62 in Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774-1855. Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Walther, Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31060128

Original name as described

Vespertilio ferrum-equinum

Other common names

Larger Horseshoe Bat

Type locality

France.

Biogeographic realm

Palearctic

Country distribution

Morocco · Algeria · Tunisia · Libya · United Kingdom · Portugal · Spain · France · Luxembourg · Germany · Switzerland · Liechtenstein · Italy · Malta? · Austria · Czech Republic · Poland · Slovakia · Hungary · Slovenia · Croatia · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Serbia · Kosovo · Montenegro · Albania · North Macedonia · Greece · Bulgaria · Romania · Ukraine · Russia · Armenia · Azerbaijan · Turkey · Cyprus · Syria · Lebanon · Israel · Palestine · Jordan · Iraq · Iran · Turkmenistan · Tajikistan · Kyrgyzstan · Pakistan · India

Taxonomy notes

previously included R. nippon

Taxonomy notes citation

Ohdachi, S. D. I, Ishibashi, Y., Iwasa, M. A., & Saitoh, Takashi (2009). The Wild Mammals of Japan, Shoukadoh, Kyoto. · Koh, H. S., Jo, J. E., Oh, J. G., Kweon, G. H., Ahn, N. H., Sin, W. H., & Sin, D. S. (2014). Little genetic divergence of the greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum from far-eastern Asia, with a preliminary report on genetic differentiation of R. ferrumequinum from Eurasia and northern Africa examined from cytochrome b sequences. Russian Journal of Theriology, 13, 97-103. · Ikeda, Y., Jiang, T., Oh, H., Csorba, G., & Motokawa, M. (2020). Geographic variations of skull morphology in the Rhinolophus ferrumequinum species complex (Mammalia: Chiroptera). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 288, 125-138.

IUCN Red List status

Least Concern

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1004684

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Known distribution is shown in green and predicted distribution is in yellow. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum proximus

Andersen, 1905

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

proximus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1881.3.1.10

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/883c5c3c-c6be-47e5-adb6-e505216abe0b

Authority page

112

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31207573

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum insulanus

Barrett-Hamilton, 1910

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

insulanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1907.1.10.3

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/94f7bbcd-56b5-47bc-bd74-683bd35af703

Authority page

292

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16094717

Authority publication

Annals and Magazine of Natural History

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum irani

Cheesman, 1921

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

irani

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1920.2.9.3

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/8e9944e5-a784-48ac-a4e7-5cc1ae5324d5

Authority page

575

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30359224

Authority publication

Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum tarkoensis

Topál, 1979

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

tarkoensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

HNHM V.79.189

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

92

Authority publication

Fragmenta Mineralogica et Palaeontologica

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum obscurus

Cabrera, 1904

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

obscurus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MNCN 1514 through MNCN 1522

Type kind

syntypes

Authority page

257

Authority publication

Memorias de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum mellali

Lavocat, 1961

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

mellali

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

Montpellier Ben. Mel. 707

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

29-77

Authority publication

Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc, Rabat

Rhinolophus ferrum equinum Var. germanicus

C. Koch, 1863

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

germanicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

SMF:MAMM:4290

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

522

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/61512961

Authority publication

Jahrbücher des Vereins für Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum martinoi

B. Petrov, 1941

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

martinoi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

ZFMK:Mamm:2002.458

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

59

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Russian Scientific Institute in Belgrade

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum colchicus

Satunin, 1912

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

colchicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

ZIN S. 8650

Type kind

lectotype

Authority page

47

Authority publication

Записки Кавказского отдела Русского географического общества

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum creticum

J. Iliopoulou-Georgudaki & Ondrias, 1986

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

creticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

ZMUP 5558

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

7

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/55631512

Authority publication

Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University

Rhinolophus ferrum equinum

Daudin, 1802

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

ferrumequinum

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

189

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033439

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Daudin (1802:189, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033439) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
  2. Fischer (1814:xx, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130081) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  3. Illiger (1815:63, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080919) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
  4. Lesson (1842:35) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  5. Fitzinger (1855:139) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/65926)
  6. Blyth (1863:25, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534715) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)
  7. Bianchi (1922:211, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8482826) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67313)
  8. Hugueney (1965:100) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67312)
  9. Corbet & Hill (1980:48) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  10. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:144) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  11. Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)
  12. O'Brien, Menninger & Nash (2006:393) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/7321)
  13. Smith & Xie (2008:337) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64149)
  14. Happold & Happold (2013:327) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/27624)
  15. Benda, Spitzenberger, Hanák, Andreas, Reiter, Ševčík, Šmíd & Uhrin (2014:15) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/25234)
  16. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #19517) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  17. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #19517) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  18. Wilson & Mittermeier (2019:295) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59249)
  19. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1004684) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  20. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/19517/21973253) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Rhinolophus hippocrepis

Lesson, 1842

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

hippocrepis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

35

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1842:35) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  2. Loche (1858:17, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41949435) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60564)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum ferrumequinum

Simmons, 2005

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

ferrumequinum

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Vespertilio ferrum-equinum

(von Schreber, 1774)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

ferrumequinum

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

pl. 62

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31060128

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:154, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15872951) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Cuvier (1797:105, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11637187) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38531)

Vespertilio equinus

(P. L. S. Müller, 1776)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

equinus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

20

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51217679

Authority publication

Nuremberg

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Vespertilio solea

(E. A. W. von Zimmermann, 1777)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

solea

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

inconsistently_binominal

Authority page

452

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/53966257

Authority publication

Leiden

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Vespertilio perspicillatus

(Blumenbach, 1779)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

perspicillatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

75

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44318912

Authority publication

Göttingen

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Vespertilio ungula

(P. Boddaert, 1785)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

ungulus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

71

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230035

Authority publication

Rotterdam

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Vespertilio ferrum-equinum major

(Kerr, 1792)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

major

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

99

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664117

Authority publication

Edinburgh

Vespertilio hippocrepis

(von Schrank, 1798)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

hippocrepis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Authority page

64

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31376143

Authority publication

Nuremberg

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Noctilio ferum equinum

(Bechstein, 1801)

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

ferumequinum

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

1187

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30258439

Authority publication

Leipzig

Rhinolophus major

É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

major

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

56

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus unihastatus

É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1813

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

unihastatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

257

Authority publication

Annales du Muséum d'histoire naturelle

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1827:81, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207549) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  2. Smith (1842:130) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67141)
  3. Crespon (1844:10, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52795606) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38970)
  4. Loche (1858:17, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41949435) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60564)
  5. Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus unifer

Kaup, 1829

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

unifer

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

104

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41576527

Authority publication

Darmstadt

Rhinolophus libanoticus

Temminck, 1835

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

libanoticus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

30

Authority publication

Leiden

Rhinolophus ferrum equinum Var. italicus

C. Koch, 1863

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

italicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

523

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/61512962

Authority publication

Jahrbücher des Vereins für Naturkunde im Herzogthum Nassau

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus rufescens

Fitzinger, 1870

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

rufescens

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

135

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35520348

Authority publication

Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften

Rhinolophus conchifer

W. C. H. Peters, 1871

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

conchifer

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum · not_usedasvalid

Authority page

310

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36627560

Authority publication

Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin

Rhinolophus unihastatus var. homorodalmasiensis

Daday, 1885

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

homorodalmasiensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

274

Authority publication

Orv. Term. Ert. Koloszwar

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus unihastatus var. homodorensis

Daday, 1887

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

homodorensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Authority page

13

Authority publication

Orv. Term. Ert. Koloszwar

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum, typicus

Andersen, 1905

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

typicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Authority page

113

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31207574

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus bocharicus rubiginosus

Gubareff, 1941

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

rubiginosus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

287, 289, 290

Authority publication

Acta Musei Zoologici. Kyiv State University

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum topali

M. Kretzoi, 1977

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

topali

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

134

Authority publication

Anthropos (Athens)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum creticum

J. Iliopoulou-Georgudaki, 1979

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

creticum

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

22

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44689323

Authority publication

Bonner zoologische Beiträge

Name usages

Simmons (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8551)

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum antiquis

M. Kretzoi in Jánossy, 1986

Family

Rhinolophidae

Root name

antiquis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

112

Authority publication

Budapest

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