Urocyon cinereoargenteus

(von Schreber, 1775)

Northern Gray Fox

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Carnivora
Suborder : Caniformia
Infraorder : Canoidea
Family : Canidae
Genus : Urocyon

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1775. pl. 92. P. pl. 92 in Schreber, J.C.D. von. 1774-1855. Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen. Walther, Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064562

Original name as described

Canis cinereo argenteus

Other common names

Tree Fox

Type locality

eastern North America.

Biogeographic realm

Nearctic · Neotropic

Country distribution

Canada · United States · Mexico · Belize · Guatemala · Honduras · El Salvador · Nicaragua · Costa Rica · Panama · Colombia · Venezuela

Subregion distribution

USA(WA,OR,ID,CA,NV,UT,AZ,NM,CO,OK,TX,KS,NE,WY,SD,ND,MN,WI,MI,IA,IN,IL,OH,MO,AR,LA,MS,KY,TN,AL,GA,FL,SC,NC,VA,WV,MD,DC,NJ,PA,NY,CT,RI,MA,NH,VT)

IUCN Red List status

Least Concern

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1005965

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Urocyon seminolensis

Simpson, 1929

Family

Canidae

Root name

seminolensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

AMNH FM-23526

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

575

Authority publication

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Urocyon cinereoargentea venezuelae

J. A. Allen, 1911

Family

Canidae

Root name

venezuelae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

AMNH M-32074

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/amnh/mammals?id=urn-catalog-amnh-mammals-m-32074

Authority page

259

Authority publication

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Urocyon virginianus scottii

Mearns, 1891

Family

Canidae

Root name

scottii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

AMNH MO-588, AMNH MS-1343

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/amnh/mammals?id=urn-catalog-amnh-mammals-ms-1343

Authority page

236

Authority publication

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

Urocyon cinereo-argenteus floridanus

Rhoads, 1895

Family

Canidae

Root name

floridanus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

ANSP 8837 (= SNR 1837)

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

42

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1975668

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereo-argenteus fraterculus

D. G. Elliot, 1896

Family

Canidae

Root name

fraterculus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

FMNH:Mamm:1160

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/fmnh/mammals?id=3a75881e-1c24-4c15-8469-283416c4fd70

Authority page

80

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6682777

Authority publication

Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereo-argenteus inyoensis

D. G. Elliot, 1904

Family

Canidae

Root name

inyoensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

FMNH:Mamm:11755

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/fmnh/mammals?id=9b2e41cf-5370-43f6-8e48-3cb20fbd6b63

Authority page

268

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2647706

Authority publication

Field Columbian Museum, Zoölogical Series

Name usages

Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus costaricensis

G. G. Goodwin, 1938

Family

Canidae

Root name

costaricensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

FMNH:Mamm:35170

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/fmnh/mammals?id=5c8a520e-7b43-44f7-8dad-025fd8926929

Authority page

2

Authority publication

American Museum Novitates

Name usages

  1. Goodwin (1946:438) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/15800)
  2. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  3. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus furvus

G. M. Allen & T. Barbour, 1923

Family

Canidae

Root name

furvus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MCZ:Mamm:19774

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Mamm:19774

Authority page

266

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4774727

Authority publication

Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus ocythous

Bangs, 1899

Family

Canidae

Root name

ocythous

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MCZ:Mamm:BANGS-4290

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/guid/MCZ:Mamm:BANGS-4290

Authority page

43

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12603398

Authority publication

Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon californicus sequoiensis

Dixon, 1910

Family

Canidae

Root name

sequoiensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

MVZ:Mamm:8978

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://arctos.database.museum/guid/MVZ:Mamm:8978

Authority page

303

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29393617

Authority publication

University of California Publications in Zoology

Name usages

Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus peninsularis

Huey, 1928

Family

Canidae

Root name

peninsularis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

SDNHM:MAM:6845

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/sdnhm/mammals?id=urn-catalog-sdnhm-mammals-6845

Authority page

205

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4298402

Authority publication

Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon minicephalus

R. A. Martin, 1974

Family

Canidae

Root name

minicephalus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

UF:VP:13146

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://portal.vertnet.org/o/uf/uf?id=09a2b02f-e725-4256-9ad8-fba36d7a368e

Authority page

70

Authority publication

Gainesville

Urocyon atwaterensis

Getz, 1960

Family

Canidae

Root name

atwaterensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

UMMP 40223

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

363

Authority publication

Journal of Mammalogy

Urocyon cinereoargenteus madrensis

Burt & Hooper, 1941

Family

Canidae

Root name

madrensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

UMMZ 83176

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

4

Authority publication

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon parvidens

G. S. Miller, 1899

Family

Canidae

Root name

parvidens

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:11429 (= USNM:MAMM:A37762)

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/368d8cab6-3533-448a-8c09-9d746ca85330

Authority page

276

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6389461

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

Urocyon cinereoargenteus borealis

C. H. Merriam, 1903

Family

Canidae

Root name

borealis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:119725

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3b25f8601-d575-4b5d-91f0-c6027fcd87ed

Authority page

74

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2345272

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus texensis

Mearns, 1897

Family

Canidae

Root name

texensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:130 (= USNM:MAMM:A1116)

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3d1172b4d-f7a4-49ea-a147-af7273217a68

Authority page

2

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Urocyon californicus townsendi

C. H. Merriam, 1899

Family

Canidae

Root name

townsendi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:14130

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/32b6ad2bb-6984-47ff-b5dd-03f760775dac

Authority page

103

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25811786

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Urocyon cinereoargenteus colimensis

E. A. Goldman, 1938

Family

Canidae

Root name

colimensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:33519 (= USNM:MAMM:A45564)

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/35e68181a-3bb1-4936-8b99-99f6a0f8b89c

Authority page

495

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39691276

Authority publication

Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences

Urocyon cinereoargenteus orinomus

E. A. Goldman, 1938

Family

Canidae

Root name

orinomus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:58411

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3ab5b9038-9088-40c8-b604-df0a9f40c34e

Authority page

497

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39691278

Authority publication

Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus californicus

Mearns, 1897

Family

Canidae

Root name

californicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:62873

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3acd338b1-5a88-4d05-9af8-b50e3312cb0c

Authority page

3

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon guatemalae

G. S. Miller, 1899

Family

Canidae

Root name

guatemalae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

USNM:MAMM:76723

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/32d5bc10e-144c-4ad1-b972-7720dafce49a

Authority page

278

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6389463

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

Canis nigrirostris

(H. Lichtenstein, 1830)

Family

Canidae

Root name

nigrirostris

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type kind

holotype

Authority page

106

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29683782

Authority publication

Abhandlungen der Königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin

Canis Cinereo-Argentatus

(Godman, 1826)

Family

Canidae

Root name

cinereoargentatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

280

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49165582

Authority publication

Philadelphia

Name usages

Godman (1826:280, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/49165582) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67289)

Vulpes cinereo-argenteus

(C. F. Cuvier, 1842)

Family

Canidae

Root name

cinereoargenteus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

3

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518526

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Cuvier (1842:3, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518526) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  2. Corbet & Hill (1980:92) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)

Vulpes Virginianus

(Lesson, 1842)

Family

Canidae

Root name

virginianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

42

Authority publication

Paris

Name usages

  1. Lesson (1842:42) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  2. Blyth (1863:43, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534671) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)

Urocyon virginianus

F. W. True, 1885

Family

Canidae

Root name

virginianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

610

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306404

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

True (1885:610, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306404) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35039)

Urocyon virginianus virginianus

F. W. True, 1885

Family

Canidae

Root name

virginianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

610

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306404

Authority publication

Proceedings of the United States National Museum

Name usages

True (1885:610, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7306404) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35039)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Canidae

Root name

cinereoargenteus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

286

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25806211

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

  1. Bailey (1936:286, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25806211) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)
  2. Goodwin (1946:438) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/15800)
  3. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:248) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  4. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  5. O'Brien, Menninger & Nash (2006:457) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/7321)
  6. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)
  7. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #22780) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  8. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #22780) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  9. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1005965) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  10. Schmidly, Bradley, Yancey & Bradley (2024:20) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67259)
  11. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22780/46178068) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus townsendi

V. O. Bailey, 1936

Family

Canidae

Root name

townsendi

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

286

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25806211

Authority publication

North American Fauna

Name usages

  1. Bailey (1936:286, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25806211) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35313)
  2. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus cinereoargenteus

Wozencraft, 2005

Family

Canidae

Root name

cinereoargenteus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus guatemalae

Wozencraft, 2005

Family

Canidae

Root name

guatemalae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus nigrirostris

Wozencraft, 2005

Family

Canidae

Root name

nigrirostris

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus scottii

Wozencraft, 2005

Family

Canidae

Root name

scottii

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Urocyon cinereoargenteus venezuelae

Wozencraft, 2005

Family

Canidae

Root name

venezuelae

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority publication

Baltimore

Name usages

  1. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)
  2. Wilson & Mittermeier (2009:432) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67177)

Canis cinereo argenteus

(von Schreber, 1775)

Family

Canidae

Root name

cinereoargenteus

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

pl. 92

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064562

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:567, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873364) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Illiger (1815:109, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11080965) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38688)
  3. Lesson (1827:170, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207638) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)

Canis virginianus

(von Schreber, 1776)

Family

Canidae

Root name

virginianus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

pl. 92B

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31064566

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:567, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873364) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Fischer (1814:xii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130073) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  3. Lesson (1827:169, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207637) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  4. Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Canis argenteus

(von Schreber, 1778)

Family

Canidae

Root name

argenteus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

unjustified_emendation

Authority page

585

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42529293

Authority publication

Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur

Canis griseus

(P. Boddaert, 1785)

Family

Canidae

Root name

griseus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

97

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230061

Authority publication

Rotterdam

Name usages

Lahille (1899:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/35147046) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37834)

Canis Vulpes δ. Pensylvanicus

(P. Boddaert, 1785)

Family

Canidae

Root name

pensylvanicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

97

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230061

Authority publication

Rotterdam

Name usages

Wozencraft (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8533)

Canis tricolor

(É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1803)

Family

Canidae

Root name

tricolor

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

128

Authority publication

Paris

Vulpes pennsylvanica

(J. E. Gray, 1869)

Family

Canidae

Root name

pennsylvanica

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

incorrectsubsequentspelling

Authority page

518

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28665079

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

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