Axis axis

(Erxleben, 1777)

Chital

Taxonomy

Subclass : Theria
Infraclass : Placentalia
Magnorder : Boreoeutheria
Superorder : Laurasiatheria
Order : Artiodactyla
Suborder : Ruminantia
Infraorder : Pecora
Family : Cervidae
Subfamily : Cervinae
Tribe : Cervini
Genus : Axis

Species status

Living
Found in the wild
Listed in MSW3 2005

Authority citation

Erxleben, J.C.P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Impensis Weygandianis, Leipzig, 636 pp.

Authority publication link

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873109

Original name as described

Cervus Axis

Other common names

Axis Deer · Indian Spotted Deer

Type locality

Banks of Ganges, Bihar (India).

Biogeographic realm

Indomalaya

Country distribution

India · Nepal · Bhutan · Bangladesh · Sri Lanka

IUCN Red List status

Least Concern

Species Permalink

https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006307

Country distribution map

The map below provides a general overview. Most species inhabit only specific regions within countries. Hover over the highlighted regions to see the country name.

Names and synonyms

Present and past (if available) associated names to the species. Click on a name to view its details. If the list is long, scroll down to see more.

Cervus Axis

(Erxleben, 1777)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

axis

Validity status

species

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

312

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873109

Authority publication

Leipzig

Name usages

  1. Erxleben (1777:312, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15873109) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36060)
  2. Borowski (1780:76, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28347132) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67758)
  3. Zimmermann (1783:162) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69242)
  4. Boddaert (1785:136, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28230100) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35384)
  5. Gmelin (1788:179, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25751399) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35943)
  6. Kerr (1792:300, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664326) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
  7. Link (1795:102, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/46272978) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35635)
  8. Shaw (1801:285, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19632805) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37621)
  9. Daudin (1802:181, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42033431) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/64044)
  10. Turton (1802:109, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25772965) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69249)
  11. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (1803:253) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/19153)
  12. Fischer (1814:xvii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/29130078) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/12226)
  13. Voigt (1819:420) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69477)
  14. Muirhead (1819:456) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69481)
  15. Hemprich (1820:40) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69417)
  16. Schinz (1821:380, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51529141) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37604)
  17. Desmarest (1822:435, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39521879) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36189)
  18. Smith (1826:117, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33264182) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59865)
  19. Smith (1826:25) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36081)
  20. Lesson (1827:362, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/54207829) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36839)
  21. Fischer (1829:451) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/59856)
  22. Ogilby (1839:lxxii, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2912388) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67483)
  23. Cuvier (1842:5, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/44518528) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60227)
  24. Lesson (1842:172) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  25. Schinz (1845:386) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37529)
  26. Sundevall (1846:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47392276) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/40481)
  27. Layard (1851:405, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13788005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67277)
  28. Blyth (1853:415, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40267901) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67348)
  29. Radde (1861:687, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11850877) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68932)
  30. Crisp (1862:136, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31577168) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67742)
  31. Radde (1862:286, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16012764) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68933)
  32. Murray (1866:334, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15580330) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39798)
  33. Sclater (1870:115, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28554925) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69149)
  34. Sclater (1872:106, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/17037883) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/61617)
  35. Zittel (1893:401, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40423943) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/62388)
  36. Ward (1910:68, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015711) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  37. Corbet & Hill (1980:119) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63069)
  38. Honacki, Kinman & Koeppl (1982:320) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63071)
  39. Corbet & Hill (1991:128) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/63070)
  40. Jackson & Groves (2015:310) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34474)

Cervus Axis maculatus

(Kerr, 1792)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

maculatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

300

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664326

Authority publication

Edinburgh

Name usages

  1. Kerr (1792:300, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/38664326) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36283)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus Axis Ceylonensis

(J. B. Fischer, 1830)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

ceylonensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Authority page

619

Authority publication

Stuttgart

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus Axis Indicus

(J. B. Fischer, 1830)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

indicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

619

Authority publication

Stuttgart

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus nudipalpebra

(W. Ogilby, 1831)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

nudipalpebra

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:693i

Type kind

holotype

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/ca5a08bd-b520-46d7-bc0b-5ee49b0a103a

Authority page

136

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1214091

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

  1. Ogilby (1831:136, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1214091) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67697)
  2. Lesson (1842:172) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/36812)
  3. Schinz (1845:385) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37529)
  4. Sundevall (1846:180, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47392276) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/40481)
  5. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Axis Major

B. H. Hodgson, 1841

Family

Cervidae

Root name

major

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_novum

Authority page

914

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39758428

Authority publication

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal

Name usages

  1. Hodgson (1847:691, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40126216) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39848)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Axis Minor

B. H. Hodgson, 1841

Family

Cervidae

Root name

minor

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

nomen_nudum

Authority page

914

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39758428

Authority publication

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal

Name usages

Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Axis maculatus

Cantor, 1846

Family

Cervidae

Root name

maculatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

270

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40122811

Authority publication

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal

Name usages

  1. Cantor (1846:270, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40122811) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37644)
  2. Blyth (1863:152, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47534833) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/37155)
  3. Jerdon (1867:260, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/37300123) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68353)

Axis maculata

J. E. Gray, 1850

Family

Cervidae

Root name

maculatus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

63

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003

Authority publication

Knowsley

Name usages

  1. Gray (1850:63, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47595003) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39734)
  2. Gray (1852:233, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278777) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39016)
  3. Kelaart (1852:157, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/59278677) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67270)
  4. Gray (1852:212, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12956625) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/35535)
  5. Kelaart (1852:82, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52257358) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38608)
  6. Fitzinger (1861:396, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6438455) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39159)
  7. Day (1863:451) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69416)
  8. Gray (1872:80, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8707847) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/38721)
  9. Kelaart (1890:320) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/60533)

Cervus (Rusa) axis zeylanicus

(Lydekker, 1905)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

zeylanicus

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

available

Type

BMNH:Mamm:1905.5.18.1, BMNH:Mamm:1905.5.19.1

Type kind

syntypes

Type specimen URI

https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/2ef1f1ce-5ad7-4e6f-a18d-1038c2c0673c

Authority page

947

Authority publication

The Field

Name usages

  1. Ward (1910:68, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015711) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)
  2. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)

Cervus axis minor

(J. R. Ward, 1910)

Family

Cervidae

Root name

minor

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

preoccupied

Authority page

68

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015711

Authority publication

London

Name usages

Ward (1910:68, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15015711) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/39628)

Axis (Axis) axis

Pocock, 1911

Family

Cervidae

Root name

axis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

948

Authority page URI

https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31561460

Authority publication

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London

Name usages

  1. Pocock (1911:948, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31561460) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67432)
  2. Phillips (1927:16) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67779)
  3. Phillips (1929:149) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68575)
  4. Grubb (1993:384) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/69016)
  5. Groves (2003:351, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48602933) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/9601)
  6. Grubb (2005) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/8535)
  7. Wilson & Mittermeier (2011:415) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67176)
  8. Groves & Grubb (2011:91) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/30388)
  9. Bradley, Ammerman, Baker, Bradley, Cook, Dowler, Jones, Schmidly, Stangl, Van Den Bussche & Würsig (2014:14, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57785984) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/19157)
  10. Jackson & Groves (2015:310) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/34474)
  11. Mammal Diversity Database (2018:ID #41783) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67336)
  12. Mammal Diversity Database (2019:ID #41783) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67337)
  13. D'Elía, Canto-Hernández, Ossa, Verde-Arregoitia, Bostelmann, Iriarte, Amador, Quiroga-Carmona, Hurtado, Cadenillas & Valdez (2020:77) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67620)
  14. Mammal Diversity Database (2024, https://www.mammaldiversity.org/taxon/1006307) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67250)
  15. Schmidly, Bradley, Yancey & Bradley (2024:51) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67259)
  16. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (2024, https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41783/22158006) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67246)

Axis axis ceylonensis

W. W. A. Phillips, 1927

Family

Cervidae

Root name

ceylonensis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

16

Authority publication

Spolia Zeylanica

Name usages

  1. Phillips (1927:16) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/67779)
  2. Phillips (1929:149) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/68575)

Axix axis

A. Kumar, G. Sharma, & I. A. Khan, 2022

Family

Cervidae

Root name

axis

Validity status

synonym

Nomenclatural status

name_combination

Authority page

9

Authority publication

Records of the Zoological Survey of India

Name usages

Kumar, Sharma & Khan (2022:9) (information at https://hesperomys.com/a/66220)

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